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I was reading in Shantideva's The Way of the Boddhisatva (Shambala Classics edition) this morning and thought what caught my eye was timely, with the approaching holiday spending and gifting season, and its focus on making money, spending money, and acquiring stuff. I'm not trying to be all Thoreau-in-Walden-to-the-max here: work and buying stuff are necessary to life. But especially since we live in such a consumer society*, it is beneficial to stop and reflect on Wise Livelihood, that is, supporting yourself in a wholesome way. The nature of your work is the first obvious aspect to examine, but it's equally important to examine how much and why you work, and what is excluded during your working hours so you can determine what the best course of action is for your continued or increased happiness. It's easy to become zombiefied and cheated out of a full, fulfilling life in the constant demanding crush to work, earn, acquire, and maintain a specific lifestyle (that you might not even want to have).

*"From a very young age, we are taught that if we work hard, we can have anything and everything we want. But what if what we want is not to work hard? What if we want to trade working hard for …
  • working on things that matter
  • working with people who make us smile
  • working right from our heart
If we did that, we might not make as much and then we couldn’t have as much stuff. I wasn’t aware that I was working for stuff until I made the choice to become debt free. It was then, when I started paying for things that I had purchased years before, that I realized, I wasn’t working to make a living, to make a life. I was working to buy crap.
Between advertisements, constantly comparing our lives, and the idea that more is better, there is a never-ending quest for stuff, which of course leads to a never-ending work-spend-owe-work-spend-owe lifestyle. The allure of stuff tempts us with a promise of a better life. If we carry the right purse, drive the right car, and live in the right neighborhood, life will be wonderful and easy.
Without an intentional shift towards the things that are most important, options seem to disappear, complacency sets in and you are simply working to buy crap." ("Reject the Allure of Stuff," bemorewithless.com)


More on Wise Livelihood
"The fifth factor of the Noble Eightfold Path is samma ajivo, translated as Wise (or Right) Livelihood. This means not earning one's living in ways that bring harm to oneself or others, particularly if it involves killing.

Here's what Phillip Moffitt has to say in Dancing with Life: 
'To me, it also means not having a violent attitude in whatever you do for a living. ... In our time, it is not usually the profession but rather the manner in which the profession is practiced that causes wrong livelihood. For example, if you recklessly drive your car while commuting to work, or prey on the ignorance of others, or mislead or trick others in order to earn a living, you are practicing wrong livelihood.

'In my views, any job that takes away joy, whether your own or others', also constitutes unwise livelihood, whereas any job that supports and nourishes well-being and the sens of the possibility is wise livelihood.

'Wise livelihood matters as a practice because it brings freedom to the mind now and in the future, while unwise livelihood thrusts the minds into turmoil now and plants the seed for even greater turmoil in the future.'" (dharmatown.org)


Cravings and Desires

I want to re-emphasize on the doing harm to oneself through one's job. Shantideva's eloquence says it best:

Some are wretched in their great desire,
But worn out by their daylong work,
They go home broken by fatigue
To sleep the slumbers of a corpse.

Some, wearied by their travels far from home,
Must suffer separation from their wives
And children whom they love and long to see.
They do not meet with them for years on end.

Some, ambitious for prosperity,
Not knowing how to get it, sell themselves.
Happiness eludes their grasp and pointlessly
They live and labor for their masters.

Some sell themselves, no longer free,
In bondage, slavery to others.
And, destitute, their wives give birth
With only trees for shelter, in the wild.

Fools deceived by craving for a livelihood
Decide that they will make their fortune
In the wars, though fearful for their lives.
And seeking gain, it's slavery they get.

Some, as the result of craving,
Have their bodies slashed, impaled on pointed stakes.
Some are wounded, run through by the lance,
While some are put to death by fire.

The pain of gaining, keeping, and of losing all!
See the endless hardships brought on us by property!
For those distracted by their love of wealth
There is no chance for freedom from the sorrows of existence.

They indeed, possessed of many wants,
Will suffer many troubles, all for very little:
They're like the ox that pulls the cart
And catches bits of grass along the way.

For sake of such a paltry thing,
Which is not rare, which even beasts can find,
Tormented by their karma, they destroy
This precious human life so hard to find.

All that we desire is sure to perish,
On which account we fall to hellish pain.
For what amounts to very little
We must suffer constant and exhausting weariness.

Reflect upon the pains of hell and other evil states!
Weapons, fires, poisons,
Yawning chasms, hostile foes--
None is on a level with our cravings. (6:72-84, 86)


Finally, a Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simply Your Life. It's mindful evaluation and editing of your entire life. Too long to post here, so please do follow the link :)

Happy Thanksgiving and family/friend time, everyone!

One lesson from church today was really excellent, beautiful, and absolutely in the same vein as my current study of universal altruism, compassion, and lovingkindness. I even got to share how I've been using meditation to actively cultivate lovingkindness for others (the lovingkindness or metta meditation). I got great feedback :) So, I'm going to type up a few passages that struck me with special force or clarity. They're from chapter 22 of Teachings of the Presidents of the Church: Lorenzo Snow, "Doing Good to Others":

"We  are of the same Father in the celestial worlds. ... If we knew each other as we should,...our sympathies would be excited more than they are at the present time, and there would be a desire on the part of every individual to study in their own minds how they might do their brethren good, how they might alleviate their sorrows and build them up in truth, how  [they might] remove the darkness from their minds. If we understand each other and the real relationship which we hold to each other, we should feel different from what we do; but this knowledge can be obtained only as we obtain the Spirit of life, and as we are desirous of building each other up in righteousness."

"We have been sent into the world to go good to others' and in doing good to other we do good to ourselves." 

"We should be friends everywhere and to everybody. There is no Latter-day Saint that hates the world: but we are friends to the world, we are obliged to be, so far as they are concerned. We must learn to extend our charity and labor in the interests of all mankind, This is the mission of the Latter-day Saints--not simply confine it to ourselves, but to spread it abroad, as it of necessity must be extended to all mankind."

That was really beautiful. LDS culture can tend to be insular and isolationist. It's not supposed to be that way. The gospel is not that way. Human compassion, love, and connectedness know no bounds. Thank you, Lorenzo Snow.

"Cultivate a spirit of charity; be ready to do for others more than you would expect from them if circumstances were reversed."

I know it's popular and makes sense to "look out for #1, because no one else is going to," but imagine if everyone practiced the above, to do for others more than they expect to be done for themselves. Everyone would be amply cared for. I know it sounds naive and utopianistic, but it's beautiful and is possible. It's just that everyone has to do it. And the only person you can personally ensure does this is you. There's that quote attributed to Gandhi, "be the change you wish to see in the world." Love it. But in the interest of accuracy, since that's not exactly what Gandhi said, here's the closest actual attributed quote: 
“If we could change ourselves, the tendencies in the world would also change. As a man changes his own nature, so does the attitude of the world change towards him. ... We need not wait to see what others do.”  Both work for what I'm trying to say, so enjoy :)

"We have just got to feel...that there are other people besides ourselves; we have got to look into the hearts and feelings of others and become more godly than what we are now. ... Now if you want to get heaven within you and to get into heaven you want to pursue that course that angles do who are in heaven. If you want to know how you are to increase, I will tell you, it is by getting godliness within you. ... A person never can enjoy heaven until he learns how to get it, and to act upon its principles."

Godliness is, to my mind, the attributes of God: love, compassion, charity. Also, faith, virtue, knowledge, patience, brotherly kindness, humility, and diligence (D&C 4:6). So, taking care of others and cultivating love and charity make us more godly and bring heaven to us and us to heaven. More support for my current experimentation with all the good I'm finding through Buddhism. :)

And, with that very eloquent segue, here is an excerpt from Shantideva's The Way of the Bodhisattva (Padmakara Translation Group edition). It's from the chapter "Taking Hold of Bodhichitta" ("bodhichitta" being "enlightenment mind," the mind that strives toward awakening and compassion for the benefit of all sentient beings):

For all those ailing in the world,
Until their every sickness has been healed,
May I myself become for them
The doctor, nurse, the medicine itself.

Raining down a flood of food and drink,
May I dispel the ills of thirst and famine.
And in the aeons marked by scarcity and want,
May I myself appear as drink and sustenance.

For sentient beings, poor and destitute,
May I become a treasure ever-plentiful,
And lie before them closely in their reach,
A varied source of all that they might need.

My body, thus, and all my goods besides,
And all my merits gained and to be gained,
I give them all and do not count the cost,
To bring about the benefit of beings.

Nirvana [to me, oneness with God] is attained by giving all,
Nirvana is the object of my striving;
And all must be surrendered in a single instant,
Therefore it is best to give all to others. (3:7-12)

May I be a guard for those who are protectorless,
A guide for those who journey on the road.
For those who wish to cross the water,
May I be a boat, a raft, a bridge.

May I be an isle for those who yearn for land,
A lamp for those who long for light;
For all those who need a resting place, a bed;
For those who need a servant, may I be their slave.

May I be the wishing jewel, the vase of wealth,
A word of power and the supreme healing,
May I be the tree of miracles,
For every being the abundant cow.

Just like the earth and space itself
And all the other might elements,
For boundless multitudes of beings
May I always be the ground of life, the source of varied sustenance.

Thus for everything that lives,
As far as are the limits of the sky,
May I be constantly their source of livelihood
Until they pass beyond all sorrow. (3:18-22)

I watched the BBC's Hawking yesterday. Totally captivated my imagination. Those guys deal with and say the same things about science, physics, the origin of the universe, as I've come to conclude through my study and meditation on scripture and God. Below are some quotes I've read in the last few days that go along with the idea that God the power is the Law of reality that created, governs, and maintains the universe.

"I believe the universe is governed by the laws of science," he said. "The laws may have been decreed by God, but God does not intervene to break the laws." -Stephen Hawing

Quickly, on the subject of miracles: I don't think the above quote negates the possibility or reality of miracles. I think that God has to operate within the laws of nature and science, since God the person is one with God the power, which is the Law of nature and science. For God the person to break or go contrary to this Law (God the power) would be to obliterate God's existence. I believe in miracles. I believe God has all power, since God (person and Law, which are the same) is all power. So of course there are miracles, those things which seem to defy reason or reality. But miracles must necessarily actually be in accordance with the Law, or else the whole thing is ca-put. You know?

Einstein's Theory of Relativity, bolded bit going along with the idea of interdependence:
As summarized by an American astronomer, Professor Henry Norris Russell, of Princeton, in the Scientific American for November 29 [early 1910s, I think?], Einstein's contribution amounts to this:
"The central fact which has been proved--and which is of great interest and importance--is that the natural phenomena involving gravitation and inertia (such as the motions of the planets) and the phenomena involving electricity and magnetism (including the motion of light) are not independent of one another, but are intimately related, so that both sets of phenomena should be regarded as parts of one vast system, embracing all Nature..." H. A. Lorentz, The Einstein Theory of Relativity. Public domain book on my Kindle, so no accurate page number, sorry.

And, Buddhist and the Dalai Lama's thoughts on the origin of the universe:
"These long speculative descriptions [the Buddhist explanation of the universe, its origin and disposition, etc]--elaborated by successive schools and often contradicting one another--run counter to Sakyamuni's [The Buddha, Siddharta Gautama] fundamental recommendation not to plunge 'the cord of thought into the impenetrable.' The question the eternity of the universe, and consequently of its origins, actually seems to have been part of the 'fourteen unexplained views.' The Buddha even said, 'Knowledge of all these things cannot make anyone take one step forward on the road to holiness and peace.' His only answer was silence.

Nevertheless, as the Dalai Lama told me on several occasions, on the one hand, events without a cause cannot be accepted, and on the other hand, it is absolutely necessary to pay attention to the advances of science to modify, if need be, the Scriptures. Thus there is no reason to be surprised at how little he insists on going back to ancient theories. He prefers to stick to the Big Bang and to try to find in it an explanation that jibes with the essentials of Buddhist teaching.

Apropos of the Big Bang, I remind him that this ironic expression, coined by astrophysicist Fred Hoyle, who was opposed to it, is based on an idea formulateed by a Belgian priest, Fr. Gearges-Henri Lemaitre. Even in scientific theories often enough it's possible to find a trace of 'hidden metaphysics.' The idea of an 'explosion,' of a brutal, luminous beginning of the world, can in fact be harmonized with the biblical account of Creation." -The Dalai Lama with Jean-Claude Carriere, Violence and Compassion: Dialogues on Life Today, 191.

When I first started meditating, I thought it was going to be impossible to do sitting meditation, what with staying at home with a three-year-old and one-year-old. So I developed "Driving Meditation" for myself.

Houston traffic is awful. Rush hour on the major roads starts at 3 pm and starts to dwindle around 7 pm. About 82% of drivers refuse to use blinkers for turning or for land changes. (An additional 3% keep their blinkers on inappropriately.) My husband has been hit 3 times in 3 years by people not signalling and just merging into him in his lane. There is a theory that people don't use blinkers because if you do, the drivers around you know that you're trying to get into their lane, so they'll speed up to squeeze you out. Oh, they definitely do that.

I can be one of the best rude drivers in the world. I'd get all jumped up on righteous indignation when people speed up a lane that has been marked as ending for miles, only to dart into the line of people who responsibly merged in advance of the lane ending. I'd squeeze them out and get all angry if they managed to get in front of me.

Then I read something in one of my early Buddhist books (can't remember which one :( ) about driving, about seeing interdependence and unity even in traffic. It changed my life. On the road, we all have a destination to reach. We all want to get there safely (apparent contradicting driving behavior aside, most people do want to reach their destination in a timely fashion and, oh, alive).

So, I practice compassion, patience, and unity while driving. It's my driving meditation. That truck needs to get into my lane because we are going in the same direction. We are doing the same thing. We are both people in cars who have the right to get where we're going. Why in the world did I used to pride myself on making things more difficult for people?

I now drive mindfully of those around me and do whatever I can to accommodate them on the road. It eliminates the stress and anger in my mind and body, which has a great impact on the small people riding in the backseat :) I also like to think that helping people on their way might lessen their stress in turn, and maybe even if someone notices my driving style, they might be inspired to copy it. And thus the ripples spread. :)

Not only can you use driving as an opportunity to connect with other people, you can use driving to connect with creation on a broader basis. Give it a try the next time you're in a traffic jam, not moving and powerless to improve the situation. This is a passage from Sylvia Boorstein's book, Pay Attention, for Goodness' Sake. It's from a California driving instructor, so he's kind of an expert at driving, you know? ;)

I was driving north on Highway 101, just ten minutes past the Golden Gate Bridge, on my way to the Richmond Bridge in San Rafael. I planned to cross the bay and drive on north from there to Antioch, where I had an important business meeting. Even though it was midday, I found myself suddenly in gridlock traffic. I thought I might miss my appointment in Antioch. I began to feel anxious. I became irritated at the drivers I saw joining the freeway traffic from entrance ramps without leaving any space for the cars already on the highway to move forward. It was looking less and less likely that I'd be at my appointment on time. I noticed that my body had become tense and I was gripping the wheel. Then I looked out the driver's side window and saw Mount Tamalpais. I looked out to my right and saw Richardson Bay. I thought, “I am sitting between two major tourist attractions. People come from all over the world to sit exactly where I am sitting right now in order to have this view.” I sat back and appreciated the view. My hands unclenched. My body relaxed. My mind relaxed. Then I had this big revelation.

This was my revelation: “I'll get to Antioch when I get to Antioch. Maybe today. Maybe not today. Maybe I'll be there for the meeting. Maybe I won't be there for the meeting. Whatever will be will be. My getting aggravated is not changing the situation. It is making it worse.”
...When the traffic did start up again, I didn't drive too fast, so I didn't become a menace to myself and everyone else on the highway. That's the important part. I say to my students, “You need to keep looking for whatever perspective you can find that will transform the moment.”


You might be thinking, what if people ask me what I would do if I wasn't between Mount Tamalpais and Richardson Bay? I might, for example, be stuck in traffic on the Pulaski Skyway between Newark and Jersey City, where it's extremely polluted and also crowded. I tell people, “You can look out of a window anywhere. On the Pulaski Skyway you could say to yourself, “Look at this wonderful ironwork that they made a hundred years ago. They don't do ironwork like this anymore.” Maybe if your spirits are a little bit lifted by admiring the craftsmanship, you'll have the courage to look at the pollution on the Pulaski Skyway and say, “It's really polluted here. I wonder what technology people will develop in the twenty-first century to clean it up. I wonder what I could do to help. I wonder whom I could call in Congress, whom I might help elect that might have some impact on this situation.” I tell people that the main thing about being a safe driver is looking out for other people. Not just on the road. All the time.
Sylvia Boorstein, Pay Attention, For Goodness' Sake, 178-180

Suffering

I have a bunch of excellent passages that I want to record for future reference. No synthesis, sorry. They're just excellent to read through. First, Sylvia Boorstein, Pay Attention, For Goodness' Sake:

There are only two possible responses to every challenge--balanced acceptance or embittered resistance. Acceptance is freedom. Resistance is suffering.

"This is what's happening. It cannot be otherwise. Struggling is extra. Struggling is suffering."

     Everything is always changing, and so nothing can be permanently satisfying. And I absolutely know that railing and resenting when I am displeased with life's unfolding compounds my pain. Life unfolds lawfully, guided by conditions far too complex for me to know and certainly beyond my control.
     The pain we feel about what has happened intensifies with bitterness--which we often cannot help but feel--and we suffer. In a moment of Wisdom--"It is me. It is now. It is painful. And it will be painful for as long as it is, and then it will change"--the suffering stops. The heart's natural compassion becomes available to provide support, to comfort the pain.

Recounted from a friend, talking about his teacher, who greeted everyone with "Thank you":
"Renouncing contention was Lama Yeshe's practice. His thanking was a way of keeping himself from getting frightened. I completely got it, that things happen, that not everything is what you want, that some things you need to change, but that it's all part of life, and that it is manageable. Workable."

However amazing life is, it is full of pain. ... [N]ot resenting, not being in contention with circumstance, not adding extra suffering to pain, doesn't require all-out thanking. It only requires accepting. It requires being able to say, "This is what's true. Okay."

Forgiving is hard practice, too, but it's plausible. Reasonable.

Don't add rage to pain.

"What is the meaning of life?" does not solve the problem of "What should we do?" ... Ending suffering depends on seeing clearly, without bias, "It's like this," so the "What should we do?" question can answer itself.
Life is so difficult
How can we be anything but kind?

That's enough for now. I have more that I need to copy out of my current book, so I'm sure there will be at least one more entry on suffering.

Prayer

This is from Sylvia Boorstein's Pay Attention, for Goodness' Sake. She recounts a conversation she had with a Muslim cab driver about prayer. This bit picks up after she asked him who often and for how long he prayed:

"Well, it could take a long time or short. If you have a short time, you can do it in a short time. Probably longer is better... You know,m it really doesn't matter how long you pray. Some people stand and pray all day but it doesn't really count because it's not connected to their heart."

"Really? How do you connect it to your heart?"

"Well, you can't just decide. It gets connected to your heart when you know what the situation here is. It's like we've all been thrown in the middle of the ocean. Nobody knows how to swim. We're all drowning. It breaks your heart. You see that, then you connect."

tell good stories

That is what I'd get tattooed, on the inside of my left wrist, above my mala bracelet. A permanent reminder of the following, inspired by the section on the paramita (perfection of the heart) lovingkindness, from Sylvia Boorstein's Pay Attention, For Goodness' Sake:

1. Always tell good stories about people to other people. Provide everyone with as much opportunity for love and harmony as possible by providing a good ground for people to love and be loved.

2. Always tell good stories about people to yourself. Ruminating on old wounds or insults causes the hurt to rot. We're all just trying to do the best we can, and we all mess up. Be forgiving of others, and be kind to yourself in letting the hurt go. Holding onto hurt is not a strength, it is a self-inflicted and chronic weakness. Forgiveness and love are the only things that can make you whole again.

3. Always tell good stories about yourself to yourself. Be kind to yourself. Allow yourself to grow. Be gently mindful of who you are and what you do. Be forgiving and supportive of yourself when you need to make adjustments. Recognize and nurture the good in you and what you do.


It is this way that we must train ourselves:
by liberation of the self through love
we will develop love,
we will practice it,
we will make it both a way and a basis,
take a stand upon it,
store it up,
and thoroughly set it going.

-The Buddha

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